英语天气口语_英语天气的交际用语
1.英语日常用语
2.口语考试来啦!准备好了吗?
3.中英美人之间的交际习惯访谈法有哪些
4.初中英语常见日常用语
英语若考在情景交际,两句话区别在于一问一答。英语情景交际答题方法指导,“补全对话”,用来考查学生的情景交际能力。因此对于考生而言,一定要熟悉日常交际用语及对话话题。如:问候:介绍;告别:打电话、感谢和应答;祝愿和应答:道歉和应答:邀请和约会:提供帮助:请求允许:谈论天气:购物;问路;看病:劝告和建议:时间和日期等在英语教学大纲中要求的话题及常用习语。以上的情景及话题在汉语中也是很常见的。但中英文在思维及表达方式上差距较大,命题人常从此方面设计考题。如:接电话人说: "Thisis..speaking. 或Who' sthat?”不说:“I' m-.或Whoareyou?”语言是灵活多变的,所以一定要注意根据语言环境具体问题具体分析。要做好这类题,需从以下三个方面着手: 1. 仔细审题,明确大意首先要仔细审题,即在对话不完整的情况下,尽量弄懂该篇对话的大意(mainidea)和情景(如购物、看病、问路和应答、约会、口语应用等) 2.分析对话,试填答案在解题过程中,要根据具体语境和上下文,分析对话中所缺部分、判断所缺的句子。3.全文复读,融会贯通在试填好答案之后,应从头至尾再把对话读-遍,按照对话情境,中心内容,推理判断。谢谢仅供参考。
英语日常用语
导语:对于冀教版七年级英语上册,我们可以做一个知识点总结的课件,帮助自己更好学习。下面是我整理的冀教版七年级英语上册课件:重点知识总结,供各位阅读和借鉴。
Unit 1 School and Friends重点短语:
be from来自 over there 在那里 homeroom teacher 指导教师
visiting student 访问生 show ... around 带领...参观
have lessons 上课 have fun 玩的愉快 play sports 进行体育活动
guessing game 猜谜游戏 play a guessing game 玩猜谜游戏
shopping list 购物单
Class Four 四班 welcome to ... 欢迎来到...
get books 借书 plan their lessons 备课 have science classes 上科学科
let’sdo sth. 咱们做某事吧
It’sone’s turn to do sth. Now. 现在轮到某人做某事了。
on the wall 在墙上 buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物
get sth for sb. 为某人取(买,拿)某物
主要句型及交际用语:
——What’s your name? (特殊疑问句,用于询问对方的名字,句中的what’s 是what is 的缩写形式。)
——My name is ... / I’m(I am)...
How are you? 你好吗? I’m fine. And you? 我很好,你呢?
——Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。(第一次见面时相互问候的用语。) ——Nice to meet you, too.见到你也很高兴
Good morning。早上好。 Let’s ... 咱们...吧。
——Excuse me. May I have /borrow ...抱歉/打扰。我可以借...吗? ——Hereyou are. 给你。
——May I ...
——(肯定回答)OK. /Sure./ Certainly./Of course./ Yes, you may.
——(否定回答) Sorry./ No, you may not.
注意: may not 无缩写形式。
You are welcome! 不客气!
See you later./See you. 再见。
What about sth(what about doing sth) ?某物(做某事)怎么样?
This is? 这是? (此句式有两种用法:
1.向别人介绍你身边的你熟悉而对方不认识或者不熟悉的人时。2 介绍近处的物品时。) Her/his name is ? 她/他的名字是?
注意:表示“在几班”时,用“班级(第一个字母必须大写)+阿拉伯数字或基数词(第一个字母必须大写)”。如 Class 2= Class Two
Here is my list. 此句是由here构成的倒装句,起强调作用。
Here,there等构成的倒装句,有以下两种情况:
(1) 主语是人称代词,用部分倒装。结构为: Here/There +主语+谓语动词+其他
如: Here you are. 给你。
(2) 若主语不是人称代词,用全部倒装。结构为: Here/There +谓语动词+主语+其他。
如:Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
注意:here,there构成的倒装句多用一般现在时。
Unit 2 Colours and Clothes重点短语:
Light blue 浅蓝色 look at? 看? come out 出现(I come out after the rain. High in thesky.)
in the sky 在天空中 just right 刚刚好,正好 (be)ready for?准备去? catch a cold 感冒 go back 回去 put on 穿上
get well with 和?很相配,协调 take?all out of 把所有的?取出
look so pretty 看上去很漂亮 in black and white 身穿黑白相间的衣服 write?about?写关于?的?
around the world 全世界 uniforms for work 工作服
go shopping 去购物 at the shopping centre 在购物中心
mix?and?把?和?混在一起 just right正合适,刚刚好
What colour?什么颜色(对颜色进行提问)
at 1:00 p.m.
主要句型:
Sth. is too+形容词(原形)+for sb. 某物对某人来说太?
Whose scarf is this? 用来询问物品归谁所有,用于对物主代词或者名词所有格提问。句型转换时,若后有名词,要将名词一起提前。
单数名词+ is this/that/ it?
结构:whose+ 复数名词+are these/those/they?
不可数名词+is it?
Be ready for sth. 和be ready to do sth.有时可互换。如:
I am ready for lunch.= I am ready to have lunch. 现在我准备好吃午饭了。
How many colours do you see ? 你能看到多少颜色?
My favorite colour is ? 我最喜欢的颜色是?
Say goodbye to sb.向某人问好。Say yes/no to sb. 向某人说行/不行。
I’mso+形容词+to do sth.+其他。 做某事我很? 如:
I’mso glad to see you. 见到你我很高兴。
Unit 3 Body Parts and Feelings重点短语:
play with 和?一起玩 make? for? 为?做?
do one’s homework 做作业 listen to 听? on foot 步行
wave one’s hand 挥手 see red 火冒三丈 be angry 生气
a bit 有点儿,稍微 stand against? 靠着?站stand upon站在上面
one donut a day 一天一个面包圈 see a doctor 看医生
have a cold 感冒 stay at home 呆在家里 have a rest 休息一下
look cool/cute/funny/different 看起来很酷/很可爱/很滑稽/不同
short black hair 黑色短发use?for?用?表示?(We use many colors for our feelings.)
make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
take medicine 吃药stay home=stay athome 呆在家里
重点句型:
1 ——Howtall is he/she ? 他/她多高?——He/Sheis ?meters tall. 他/她身高?米。
2 How do you feel ?你感觉怎么样? I’m/feel ? 我感觉?
3 What’s wrong?= what’s the matter? 怎么了?
4 I have a headache/stomacheache. 我头疼/肚子疼。
5 You’d(you had) better do? 你最好做?
6 Are you OK? 你还好吗? 7 Let’s go and see a doctor. 咱们去看医生吧。
8 What does he/she look like? 他/她长什么样?结构为:whatdo/does + 主语+look like?某人长什么样?
9. like常见固定搭配:
Like to do sth. (表示具体的某一次动作) I like to visit Tom today. 今天我想拜访Tom. Likedoing sth. (表示习惯性、一般性动作)I like reading. 我喜欢读书。
Would like to do sth. (表示想要做某事) I would like to go out for a walk. 我想出去散步。
10. I wear glasses. 我戴着眼镜。a pair of glasses 一副眼镜
Unit 4 Food and Restaurants重点短语:
have a salad 吃色拉 make a salad 做色拉 a glass of juice 一杯果汁 put?on? 把?放在?上面 a cup of tea 一杯茶
be full of?充满 write down 写下来 have to 不得不
want to do sth. 想要做某事 take sb. to ? 带着某人去?
at the market 在市场 look good 看起来不错 how much 多少钱
be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事 in the restaurant 在餐馆里
something to drink 喝的东西 a can/bottle/glass/cup of? 一听/瓶/玻璃杯/杯? cornerstore 便利店
take down 拿下,取下(P58Take one down. Pass it around. 19 bottles of water on the wall. )
pass around 分发,传送 be away 不在,离开
get enough rest 得到充分的休息 watch TV 看电视
every day 每天 for example 例如 be short for?的简称
no problem 没问题
重点句型:
1. It’s time for +名词 常用语催促对方做某事
It’stime (for sb.) to do sth. 该到(某人)做某事的时间了。
2. what’s for 三餐/下午茶/饭后甜点?表示三餐/下午茶/饭后甜点吃什么?
3. be full of 充满?
4. 1)对于would like sth.?提出的建议或要求, 肯定回答:Yes, please. 否定回答:No,
thanks/thank you.
2)对于wouldyou like to do sth.? 肯定回答:yes./sure. I’d like/love to. 否定回答: I’d like to, but?.表委婉拒绝。
5. take sb. to someplace 带着某人去某地
6. how much +be+名词?用于询问价格。
7. can I help you? 我能帮助你么?此为服务性行业人员的常用语。
类似的说法还有: May I help you? what can I do for you?
Is there anything I can do for you?
help 的常用短语: help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事 ask sb. for help向某人求助
8. pass it around。把它分发下去。
Pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人
9. don’t watch too much TV! 不要看太多电视!
Too much “太多”,修饰不可数名词或放在动词之后。 Too many “太多”,修饰可数名词。
Unit 5 Family and Home重点短语:
the Smith family 史密斯一家 talk on the police radio用警用对讲机讲话 Jenny’s family 詹尼的家庭
walk to school 步行去学校
on weekends 在周末 play football 踢足球
be close with 与?亲近 be ready to 准备好做?
work hard at school 努力学习 in front of 在?前面
go on a picnic=have a picnic 去野餐 a basket of 一篮子?
lots of 许多 look out 小心,注意 set the table 摆放餐具
have a birthday party 举行生日聚会 make a birthday card 制作生日卡片
on the front (of) 在?的正面 happy birthday 生日快乐
重点句型:
1. we are the Smith family. 我们是史密斯一家。
“The+姓氏复数”表示一家人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
The Browns are friendly to everyone. 布朗一家对每个人都很友好。
2. what does she do ?
对职业提问用what,常用句型有:what+be+主语?
What +do/does+主语+do? What’s one’sjob?
3. she is walking to school. 她正步行去学校。
Walk to school= go to school on foot 步行去学校
4. I have no brothers or sisters. 我没有兄弟姐妹。结构为:主语+have/has +no+名词。
相当于 主语+don’t have+名词。 例如:
I have no money.= I don’t have any money.
注意:or 用于否定句中,意思为“和”, 在肯定句中则用and 表示“和”。
例如:I have no food or water. 我没有食物和水。
5. I can talk to him about everything. 我可以跟他说一切事情。
Talk to/with sb. 与某人谈话 talk about sb./sth. 谈论某人/某事
6. The chair is in front of the desk. 椅子在桌子前面。
in front of 在?的前面,强调一个物体在另一个物体外部的前面。
in the front of 在?的前部,强调一个物体在另一个物体内部的前面。
7. how old are you ?
how +old+be+主语?用来询问年龄,其答语为:主语+be+数词+years old.
同义句为:what’s +one’s age? 在口语中一般不询问女士年龄。
8. ?it’s called a lucky birthday. ?它被叫做一个幸运的生日。
be called 被叫做 He is called Li Ming. 他被叫做李明。
Unit 6 Let’s Go!重点短语:
Take Bus 42 乘坐42路公共汽车 go to the bookstore 去书店
get off 下车, 从?下来 get on 上车 godown 沿着?向前走
take a bus to?= go to ?by bus 乘坐公共汽车去某地 turn left 向左转
ride to?=go to?by bike 骑自行车去某地
ask sb. the way 向某人问路 get lost=be lost 迷路 look for 寻找 next to 紧邻,挨着
at the traffic lights 在交通信号灯处 go straight 一直走 on the way to 在去?的路上
go to the zoo 去动物园 at the zoo 在动物园 make noises 制造噪音 of course 当然
by bike 骑自行车 on the farm 在农场 feed on sth. 以?为生
be friendly to 对?友好 in Chinese 用汉语find out 找出,发现
be worried about 对?担心 worry about sb. 担心某人 at the museum 在博物馆
the Palace Museum 故宫 learn about 了解,知道 be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事
on one’s/the way to +地点 在去?的途中 be afraid of sth. 害怕某物
重点句型:
1. How can we get there? 我们怎么才能到那里呢?
此句用来询问乘坐何种交通工具去某地。常用句型“How+can/do/does +主语+动词原形+其他?”。 回答可用“by+交通工具”的形式。
如: ——How can he go to school? 他怎么去学校? —— By bus.乘公车。
2. But they get lost on the way to the bookstore. 但是他们在去书店的途中迷路了。
(1) get lost =be lost 迷路
(2) on one’s/the way to +地点 在去?的途中 当地点为home/here/there 等副词时,
to 省略。
如: I see a dog on the way to school. 在去学校的路上我看到一只狗。
3. He looks lonely. 他看起来很孤独。
Lonely,孤独的,形容词。意思为(1)孤独的,寂寞的(2)荒凉的,偏僻的。既可以做表语,也可以做定语。
注意:lonely 和 alone 的区别,lonely指“人感到孤单”,含有浓重的感彩。而alone可作形容词和副词,表示“单独,独自一个”,不含感彩。
The old woman lives alone, and she feels lonely. 这位老妇人一个人住,她感到孤单。
4. We can learn about the history of war. 我们可以了解一下战争史。
(1) learn about 了解,知道。 同义短语为 know about
(2) history, 名词,意为历史,历史课程。The history of 的历史
如:Do you know about the history of dinosaurs? 你了解恐龙的历史吗?
Unit 7 Days and Months重点短语:
go swimming 去游泳 go skating 去滑冰 play outside 去外面玩 fly a kite放风筝
have a good time=have fun玩得高兴 put?into ?把?放到?里面
mark one’s calendar 标注某人的日历 lots of 许多 Sports Day 运动会
have a birthday party 举办生日聚会 Christmas Eve 圣诞夜
all of?全部? get a present 收到一份礼物 go shopping 去购物
big sales 大减价,大优惠 count down 倒计时
have a basketball game against? 和?进行一场篮球比赛
make sth. for sb. 为某人做某物need to do sth. 需要做某事
leap year 闰年 International Worker Day 国际劳动节
Teacher’s Day教师节 National Day 国庆节 the Spring Festival 春节
New Year’s Day 元旦 play with sb. 和某人玩 get together 聚会,相聚在一起
watch a movie 看** go mountain climbing 去爬山
have plans for? 为?制定计划 hope to do sth. 希望做某事
重点句型:
1. what day is it today? 今天星期几?
这是询问对方星期几时常用的交际用语,也可以说 what day is today? 答语可以用:It is? 或者 Today is?
day为可数名词,复数形式为days.
2. How is the weather ? 天气怎么样?
此句是讨论天气时常用的交际用语。回答时用表示天气情况的形容词。如:-How is the weather?天气怎么样?– It’s fine.天气很好。
此句可以跟“what’s the weather like?”互相替换。
3. Happy New Year! 新年快乐!
4. On March 24, we have Sports Day at our school.在3月24号, 我们学校开运动会。
(1) on March 24. 在3月24号 引导时间的介词常用“in,on,at”, 区别如下:具体到某天用on, 一段时间用in, 某个点用at.
(2) Sports Day 运动会 “sport”为可数名词,使用时常用复数形式。如:play sports 做运动
5. When is his birthday? 他的生日是什么时候?
“when is?”是询问日期的表达法。常用“It’s +日期”回答。如:—— When is New Year’s Day?什么时候是新年?
——It’s on January first. 一月一号。
6. All the rest have thirty-one.剩下所有的都是三十一天。
(1) all 作为代词时意思是“全部”。使用时一般要和“of”一起使用。和名词连用时“of”可以省略。和代词使用时,“of”不可以省略。如:All of the students are here.= All the students are here.所有的学生都在这里。
(2)“the rest”翻译为“其余的,剩余部分的”。如: Three of us will go, the rest can stay here. 我们去三个人,其余的人可以留在这里。
“rest”作名词时翻译为“休息”,常用词组为have arest “休息一下”。
7. What do you like to do on holiday? 在假期你喜欢做什么?
What do/does +主语+like to do ? 是询问“某人喜欢做什么?”的常用句型。“like to do”表一时的喜好,而“like doing”更侧重于经常的,习惯性的喜好。如:Mary likes reading, but today she likes to watch TV. 玛丽喜欢读书但今天她喜欢看电视。
8. I hope to go to Australia and see Anne next Christmas.我希望明年圣诞节到澳大利亚去看安。
Hope to do 是表达个人愿望的结构,还可以直接在hope后加陈述句来表达个人愿望,但不可以使用hope sb. to do sth.结构。
Unit 8 Countries around the World重点短语:
on the map 在地图上 the same?as? 和?一样?
be different from 和?不同
be southeast of 在?的东南方 a map of 一张?的地图
a lot of=lots of 许多 come/be from 来自 the capital of?的首都
the Palace Museum 故宫 the Great Wall 长城
have a long history 有悠久的历史 China’s flag 中国国旗
all over the world =around the world遍及全世界
in the corner 在角落 one of 之一
a list of 的清单 English-speaking countries 说英语的国家
point up 向上指 in the world 在世界上 look at 看
look over 检查 look after 照顾 look up 查阅
look like 看起来像 look the same 看起来一样
look around 四周张望 look out of 向?外面望去
a map of the world 一张世界地图 a map of China 一张中国地图
invite sb. to? 邀请某人去? the flag of the U.S. 美国地图
the capital of?=the capital city of ?的首都
thanks/thank you for? 因?而感谢你
重点句型:
1. It’s southeast of China. 它在中国的东南方。
be southeast of ? 在?的东南方
be+方位词+of表“在?的?面”。
如: Fujian is south of Beijing. 福建在北京的南面。
表示具体位置时要使用介词“in, on,to”,三者区分如下:
(1)in the +方位词+of 表示“主语被包含在某一范围之内”
如: Hebei is in the north of China. 河北在中国的北部。
(2) on the+方位词+of 表“两地接壤”
如: Hebei is on the north of Henan. 河北在河南的北面。
(3) to the +方位词+of 表“主语在某一范围之外”
如: Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东部。
2. I live in Washington, D.C. 我住在华盛顿。
Live in 住,居住。 Live为不及物动词, 常在其后加介词in,再加地点名词,但若加楼层常使用介词“on”。
如: Does Li Ming live in China? 李明住在中国吗?
The visitors live on the second floor. 旅客们住在2楼。
3. Here is a map of the United State. 这是一张美国地图。
此句结构为“Here +be+主语”。 here 位于句首,且主语不是代词, 句子用倒装语序, be动词需与后面的主语保持一致。
如:Here is an egg. 这是一个鸡蛋。
4. The little flag in the corner is the U.K.’s flag.在角落里的小国旗是英国的国旗。
(2)in the corner 在角落里
如:What are you doing in the corner, Tom? 汤姆, 你在角落里干什么呢?
5.The kangaroo is one of the national animals of Australia. 袋鼠是澳大利亚的国宝之一。
Oneof 之一,该词组与可数名词复数一起使用时,即“oneof the+复数名词”。 如: He is one of
theboys from Canada. 他是来自加拿大的男孩之一。
口语考试来啦!准备好了吗?
1. Nice to meet you! 很高兴见到您!
2. How are you! 最近怎样!
3. Long time no see! 好久不见!
4. What about you? 你呢?
5. How much? 多少钱?
6. Shut up! 闭嘴!
7. May I help you? 我能帮您什么?
8. Hold on! (打电话时)等一等
9. What’s the matter! 出什么事,出什么问题!
10. I'm sorry to have bothered you. 对不起,打扰你了。
11. What's the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样?
12. It’s Sunday today. 今天是星期天。
13. Welcome to visit our factory! 欢迎参观我们工厂!
14. We look forward to your visit. 期待您的光临
15. How about your opinion! 请说说您的看法!
16. I think so. 我也这么想。
17. How are things going? 事情进展得怎样?
18. Good luck! 祝好运!
19. Of course! 当然了!
20. I promise. 我保证。
21. Take care! 保重!
22. Let me try! 让我试试
23. Don’t move! 不许动!
24. My treat. 我请客。
25. Forget it! 休想! (算了!)
26. No problem! 没问题!
27. Time is up. 时间快到了。
28. I'm looking forward to a prompt reply. 盼迅速答复
29. Don't worry. 别担心
30. Are you sure? 你肯定吗?
31. Take it easy. 别紧张。
32. To be careful! 一定要小心!
33. Enjoy yourself! 祝你玩得开心!
34. Give me a hand! 帮帮我!
35. Just wonderful! 简直太棒了!
36. You're welcome. 不客气。
37. Congratulations! 祝贺你!
38. Follow me. 跟我来。
39. It sounds great!. 听起来很不错。
40. You can make it! 你能做到!
41. I'll try my best. 我尽力而为。
42. No pain,no gain. 不劳无获。
43. I beg your pardon. 请你原谅。
44. I beg your pardon? 请您再说一遍(我没有听清)。
45. I'll be back soon. 我马上回来。
46. Bless you! 祝福你!
47. Don't give me that! 少来这套!
48. As soon as possible! 越快越好!
49. My mouth is watering. 我要流口水了。
50. None of your business! 与你无关!
中英美人之间的交际习惯访谈法有哪些
口语考试是一项考察你听力和表达能力的重要考试。你需要听懂指令,简单描述事物,还要回答关于个人的问题。评判标准包括听懂考官的话、发音是否准确、语法和词汇是否使用得当等。
找不同第一部分,你和考官都会有一副相似的。听考官描述,然后对照你的,找出不一样的地方。可能是天气、衣着、数量、方位、大小、高矮、胖瘦、有无、动作等等的不同。记得和考官的句型保持一致哦。
信息互换游戏第二部分,我们来玩信息互换游戏。两个人,两种事物或情景,用简短的话回答问题,并通过提问获取相关信息。特殊疑问词、特殊疑问句、一般疑问句,统统不在话下。记得多在平时运用哦。
连续描述故事第三部分,给你5幅图,理解故事的开头,然后根据继续描述故事。这不仅考察你的词汇、短语、语法,还要注意图与图之间的连接哦。是时候展现你的连词功底了。
开放式问题第四部分,开放式问题来袭。理解并回答一些关于自己的问题,让你充分展示日常交际用语的实力。
初中英语常见日常用语
1:打招呼
中国人之间彼此较为熟悉的人见面问候时,一般采用下列用语:“上哪去?”、 “吃过了吗?” 如果把 这些问候的话直译成英语(即:Where are you going? Have you eaten yet?)。英美人可能会茫然,困惑,有时也可能引起误解。不了解汉文化习俗的外国人并不会认为这是一种起交际作用的问候语,比如:问对方:"Have you eatenyet?"对方可能认为这不是单纯的见面问候的话,而会误认为你可能发出对他/(她)的邀请。又如"Where are you going?" 很可能引起对方的不快,所以他/(她)对这一问话的反应极有可能是: "It'snone of your business.(你管得着吗?")。英美人的问候一般用"Good morning/aftern oon/evening(早上好、下午好、晚上好)""How do you do? (您好!)""Nice to meet you. (见到你 很高兴)""How are you doing? (你最近好吗? )。 在关系亲密者之间可用"Hello"或"Hi"
2:称呼:
在英美国家,人们相互间称呼与我国的习惯相差极大。有些称呼在中国人看来有悖情理,不礼貌,没教养。比如:小孩子不把爷爷奶奶称作grandpa和 grandma,而是直呼其名,却是得体,亲切的,年轻人称老年人,可在其姓氏前加Mr、Mrs或Miss。比如:Mr Smith、Mrs Smith、Miss Alice等。在汉语里,我们可以用"老师、书记、经理、工程师、厂长"等词与姓氏连用作称呼语,而在英语中却不能,我们不能说"teacher Zhan g(张老师),"engineer Wu(吴工程师)等。正确的说法是应按照英美人的习惯把Mr、Mrs、Miss 与姓(名) 连用表示尊敬或礼貌。
中国人称呼家庭成员、亲戚或邻居时,往往用"大哥"、"二姐"、"大嫂"、 "李大伯"之类,这些称呼不可用于英语。用英语称呼时不论男人还是女人,一般直呼其名就行了。
3:寒暄
中国人见面寒暄一般是:“你多大年纪?”“你结婚了没?”。在英语文化中,年龄,地址,工作单位,收入,婚姻,家庭情况,信仰等话题都属于个人隐私范畴,忌讳别人问及。英美人寒暄最频繁的话题是天气的状况或预测。如:“It's fine isn't it ? ”或“It's raining hood , isn't it ? ”等。汉语里的寒暄有时还表示对对方的关心,如:“你今天气色不好,生病了吗?”“你又瘦啦,多保重身体啊”人们不会因此生气!但是英美人听到你这么说:“You are so thin ! Are you ok ? ”即使彼此熟悉也会感到尴尬,难以回答,因为这是不礼貌的!
另外,在思维方式上,中国学生习惯用汉语的语义结构来套用英语。如:在打电话时,我们习惯说“Hello who are you please ? ”而英美人的习惯是接到电话先报
4:赞扬与祝贺
当英美国家的人向我们中国人表示赞扬或祝贺时,我们即使心里很高兴,嘴上也会说一些谦虚的话,这是我们中国人认为谦虚是种美德的缘故!认为不那样说的话是对别人的不尊重!例如:一位外国旅游者对一位导游**说:“Your English
is quite fluent (你的英语说得很流利)”这位导游**谦虚地回答:“No , my English is very poor (不,我的英语讲得不好)”。对于中国人的谦虚回答,英美人会误解为对方对自己的判断力表示怀疑!
在美国,人们认为谦虚是虚伪的代名词。如果一个能操一口流利的英文的人自谦说自己英语说得不好,但接着又说出一口流利的英文,美国人会认为那个人对自己说了慌话,是个口是心非,装腔作势的人。所以同美国人交往,应该大胆说出自己的想法,有一是一,有十是十。不必谦虚客气,否则会事与愿违!
自己的号码或单位,公司名称:“Hello , 8403229 ! ”“Hello this is Tom , could I speak to Jim please ? ”这是打电话的客套话,而且必须这样用!
5:道别
英汉语言中告别的使用语言或方式也不大相同。中国人道别时,把客人送到门口或楼下大门口,甚至马路上,客人对主人说:"请留步",主人最后要说: "走好"、"慢走"、"再来啊"等等。这些话都不能直译 成英语,如果说Stay here,Go slowly,Walk slowly. Comeagain听起来不顺耳,也不符合英美人的习惯,其实,微微一笑并作个表示再见的手势或说:“Good-bye(再见),See you later (回头见)、So long. Take care(再见,保重)就可以了。
6:其他社会礼节
中国人使用"谢谢你"远不及英美人那样频繁。中国只有在别人提供了大量的帮助时,才说:"谢谢",而且是真正表示谢意。英美人无论是家庭成员之间,还是上下级之间,上下辈之间,为了一件小事,甚至是份内之事都需说: "Thank you "这里"谢谢你"只是习惯性的回答,并不表示多大的谢意。例如:在给英美人上对外汉语课时,每次上完课后,英美学生习惯说:"Thank you"。如果回答"Thank you",中国人往往说:"这是我应该做的。"把这句话直译成"It's my duty",就不会让英美学生听起来那么愉快,因为“It's my duty"的含意是:我本不想做,但这是我的职责,所以不得不做。"这与汉语表达的原意有很大出入,适当的回答应是"It's a pleasure(我很乐意), Don't mentien it(没什么)或You're welcome(不用谢)。 "
英语中的"Please"并不完全相当于汉语中的"请",在某些场合表示 "请"不宜用英语"please"。比 如:让别人先进门或先上下车时,一般都说 "After you(你先请)"。在餐桌上请人吃饭吃菜,喝酒或请人吸烟时,一般用Help yourself,而不用please。如果生病,到医院、看病应说“Go to see the doctor(看病)。”
第一个网页
初中英语试用修订大纲交际用语简表
大纲要求的日常交际用语涉及30个方面的内容,现归纳如下:
(1) 问候Greetings(包括Good morning/afternoon/ evening. Hello/ Hi. Fine, thank you. And you? Very well, thank you. How do you do? Nice/ Glad to meet you?)
(2) 介绍 Introductions (包括 This is…, My/ Her/ His name is…, She/ He is…etc.)
(3) 告别Farewells (包括 I think it’s time for us to leave now. I must go now. Goodbye!/ Bye-bye/ Bye! See you later/ tomorrow…, Good night. etc.)
(4) 打电话Making telephone calls. (包括Hello! May I speak to …? Hold on, please. He/She isn’t here right now. Can I take a message for you? Could you like to leave a message? Who’s that? This is … speaking. Is that …?)
(5) 感谢和应答 Thanks and responses (包括Thank you very much. Thanks a lot. Many thanks. Thank you/ Thanks for…. Not at all. That’s all right. You’re welcome.)
(6)祝愿、祝贺和应答 Wishes, congratulations and responses (包括Good luck! Best wishes to you. Have a nice/ good time. Congratulations! Thank you. Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! Happy birthday to you. The same to you. Me, too.)
(7) 表达意愿Intentions (包括I’m going to …, I will…, I’d like to …, I want/ hope to…)
(8) 道歉和应答 Apologies and responses (包括I’m sorry. Sorry. I’m sorry for/ about…. Excuse me. That’s all right. It doesn’t matter. That’s nothing.)
(9) 遗憾和同情 regrets and sympathy (包括What a pity! I’m sorry to hear….)
(10) 邀请和应答 Invitations and responses (包括Will you come to…? Would you like to…? Yes, I’d love to…. Yes. It’s very kink/ nice of you. I’d love to, but….)
(11) 提供(帮助等)和应答 Offers and responses (包括Can I help you? What can I do for you? Here, take this/ my…. Let me… for you. Would you like some…? Thanks. That would be nine/fine. Thank you for your help. Yes, please. No, thanks/thank you. That’s very kind of you, but…)
(12) 请求允许和应答 Asking for permission and responses {包括May I …? Can/ Could I …? Yes/Certainly. Yes, do please. Of course(you may). That’s OK/ all right. I’m sorry, but…. You’d better not}
(13) 表示同意和不同意 Expressing agreement and disagreement (包括Certainly/ Sure/ Of course. Yes, please. Yes, I think so. That’s true. All right/ OK. That’s a good idea. I agree with you. No, I don’t think so. I’m afraid not. I really can’t agree with you.)
(14) 表示肯定和不肯定 Expressing certainty and uncertainty (包括I’m sure. I’m sure that…. I’m not sure. I’m not sure whether/if…. Maybe/Perhaps.)
(15)喜好和厌恶 Likes and dislikes (包括I like/ love… very much. I like/ love to …. I don’t like /like to …. I hate/ hate to….)
(16)谈论天气 Talking about the weather (包括What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather in…? It’s fine/cloudy/ windy/ rainy, etc. today, isn’t it?)
(17)购物 Shopping(包括What can I do for you? May/ Can I help you? I want/ I’d like…. How much is it? That’s too much/expensive, I’m afraid. That’s fine. I’ll take it. Let me have… kilo/ box, etc. How many/ much do you want? Do you have any other kind size colour, etc.?)
(18)问路和应答 Asking the way and responses(包括Excuse me. Where’s the men’s/ ladies’ room? Excuse me, can you tell me the way to…? How can I get to…? I don’t know the way. Go down this street. Turn right/ left at the first/ second crossing. It’s about… metres from here.)
(19)问时间或日期及应答 Asking the time or date and responses(包括What day is it today? What’s the date today? What time is it? What’s the time, please? It’s Monday. It’s January 10th. It’s half past five. It’s time for….)
(20)请求 Requests(包括Can/Could you… for me? Will/ Would you please…? May I have…? Please give/pass me…. Please wait here/ a moment. Please wait for your turn. Please stand in line/line up. Please hurry.)
(21)劝告和建议 Advice and suggestions(包括You’d better…. You should…. You need to…. Shall we…? Let’s…. What/ How about…? Why not…? Why don’t you…?)
(22)禁止和警告 Prohibition and warnings(包括You can’t/ mustn’t…. If you…, you’ll…. Take care! Be careful! …, or you….)
(23)表示感情Expressing certain emotions(包括a. 喜悦Pleasure/ joy I’m glad/pleased/happy to…. That’s nice. That’s wonderful/great. b. 焦虑 Anxiety What’s wrong? What’s the matter(with you)? I’m/He’s/She’s worried. Oh, what shall I/ we do? c. 惊奇 Surprise Really? Oh, dear! Is that so?)
(24)就餐 Taking meals(包括What would you like to have? Would you like something to eat/drink? I’d like…. Would you like some more…? Help yourself to some…. Thank you. I’ve had enough. Just a little, please.)
(25)约会 Making appointments(包括Are you free this afternoon/evening? How about tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening? Shall we meet at 4:30 at…? Yes, that’s all right. Yes, I’ll be free then. No, I won’t be free then. But I’ll be free…. All right. See you then.)
(26)传递信息 Passing on a message(包括Will you please give this note/message to…? …asked me to give you this note. Thanks for the message.)
(27)看病 Seeing the doctor(包括 There’s something wrong with…. I’ve got a cough. I feel terrible /bad. I don’t feel well. I’ve got a pain here. This place hurts. Take this medicine three times a day. It’s nothing serious. You’ll be all right/well soon.)
(28)求助 Calling for help (包括 Help! Can you help me? What’s the matter?)
(29)处理交际中的障碍 Language difficulties(包括 Please say that again/ more slowly. What do you mean by…? I’m sorry I can’t follow you. I’m sorry I know only a little English.)
(30)常见标志和说明 Some common signs and instructions包括:
BUSINESS HOURS, OFFICE HOURS, OPEN, CLOSED, PULL, PUSH, ON, OFF, ENTRANCE, EXIT, INSTRUCTIONS, FRAGILE, THIS SIDE UP, MENU, NO SMOKING, NO PARKING, NO PHOTOS, DANGER!, PLAY, STOP, PAUSE.
对这块内容的复习,我认为做如下处理会有较好的效果,供老师们参考:
首先,要求学生熟读、理解并记住交际用语简表中所列的日常交际用语;
其次,要求学生熟读并背诵初中英语所学的教材中所出现的对话材料(共有166段),勾画出大纲中要求掌握的日常交际用语,以达到进一步巩固的目的;
再次,指导学生运用交际用语简表中所列的日常交际用语自编简短对话,以达到灵活运用的目的。
最后,结合近几年毕业、升学考试试题中的交际应用试题设计题型进行针对性的训练。
找到的第二个网页
一、Making telephone calls打电话
1. 常见用语
a. 请找某人接电话
Hello! May / Could /Can I speak to …, please?
b. 问对方是不是某人
Is that… (speaking)?
c. 问对方是谁
(1)Who”s speaking / calling?
(2)Who”s that (speaking / calling)?
(3)May / Could I know who”s speaking / calling?
d. 告诉对方自己是谁
This is …(speaking / calling).
e. 要找的人不在,问对方是否留言
(1)Shall / Can I take a message for you?
(2)Would you like to leave a message?
f. 让对方不要挂断
(1)Hold on, please.
(2)Hold the line.
(3)Wait a moment.
2. 要点解析
(1)打电话时,指自己用this,指对方用that。
(2)打电话的开头语为“Hello!”结束语为“Goodbye!”。
3. 考题精选
选择最佳答案完成对话
(”03 北京)
(A. This is Li Ming.
B. Good night.
C. Can I speak to Yang Lin, please?
D. I”m sorry to hear that.
E. I”m sorry I can”t come.)
A. Hello!
B: Hello !__________(1)
A: Just a minute. May I ask who”s calling?
B: __________(2)
A: Hold on, please. Your call. Yang Lin. It”s from Li Ming.
C: Hi, Li Ming. This is Yang Lin speaking.
B: Hi, Yang Lin. Thank you for asking me to your party. __________(3)You see, my sister is sick and I have to stay home with her.
C: __________(4)I hope it”s not serious.
B: Not really. She is already a bit better now.
C: Glad to hear it. Please tell your sister I hope she gets better soon. Thanks for calling. Good night.
B: __________(5)
(Keys: 15. CAEDB)
二、Thanks and responses感谢和应答
1. 常见用语
(1)Thank you (very much).
(2)Thanks a lot.
(3)Many thanks.
(4)Thanks for…
(5)Thank you all the same.
(6)It”s very kind of you.
2. 常见答语
(1)That”s OK. (2)That”s all right
(3)That”s nothing. (4)Not at all.
(5)You”re welcome. (6)It”s a / my pleasure.
(7)Please don”t mention it.
3. 要点精析
(1)英美人接受邀请、祝愿(贺)或收受礼物、受到赞扬等场合时,均要使用感谢用语。
(2)当向对方询问信息时,即使对方不知道,也要礼貌地说明“Thank you all the same.”。
4. 考题精选
(1)Your dress is very beautiful, Mary.
____________.
(”03河北)
A. Not at all B. Just so-so
C. No, it isn”t D. Thank you
(2)Thank you very much.
_____________.
(”03湖南)
A. No, thank you B. I think so
C. Yes, please D. That”s all right.
(3)Hi, Mrs mott. Let me carry the bag for you.
_________ I can carry it myself.
(”03浙江)
A. No, thanks. B. Yes, please.
C. Certainly. D. Why not?
(4)Your dress is just wonderful!
__________.
(”03江苏)
A. You are right, thank you.
B. Thank you, and you?
C. No, no, yours is better.
D. Thank you. I”m glad to hear that.
(Keys: D,D,A,D)
三、Wishes, congratulations and responses 祝愿、祝贺和应答
1. 常见用语
(1)Good luck (to you)!
(2)Best wishes to you!
(3)Have a good/ nice ./ wonderful time!
(4)Congratulations!
(5)Merry Christmas!
(6)Happy New Year!
(7)Happy birthday to you.
(8)Wish you good health and happiness.
2. 常见答语
(1)Thank you.
(2)The same to you.
(3)Thank you, and you too.
3. 要点分析
(1)在英美国家,朋友过生日、升学、乔迁、获奖等场合,人们都要表示祝愿或祝贺,希望对方愉快或与对方分享快乐。
(2)对公共节日的祝贺和祝愿,答语常是“The same to you.”;对生日等的祝贺或祝福,答语常为“Thank you.”。
4. 考题精选
(1)I won the high jump yesterday.
__________.
(”03呼和浩特)
A. It”s a small thing B. That”s all right
C. I hope so D. Congratulations to you
(2)Good luck and have a nice weekend.
__________. Bye-bye.
(”03广州)
A. The same to you B. You have it too
C. You are too D. The same as you
(3)Have a good journey home, David.
___________.
(”03大连)
A. Thank you B. You”d better not talk
C. Well done D. What a pity
(Keys: : D,A,A)
第三个网页 交际用语100题
这里可以下载 已经测试
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